ABSTRACTDuring the last century, ports of Persian Gulf become the most important storage, refining and transportation of crude oil, oil derivation, petrochemical products and also, business activities. Nowadays, due to functional diversity between ports, the impact of port activities on the development of urban spaces will be different, and this issue leads to structural differences of port cities. The purpose of this research is to identify the key VARIABLES affecting the relations and spatial structure of port-city in Dubai as the most thriving and successful port-city in the Persian Gulf. This research is based on deductive reasoning and carried out by analysis of cross effects with secondary data (results of other prominent articles) and also primary data (questionnaire). sampling method is based on purposive sampling and Micmac software was used to analyze the data. Output of Micmac software shows the position of the instability of the system. Therefore, the position of each VARIABLES in the conceptual model can be categorized to driver, linkage, dependent, and autonomous factors. The research findings indicate 4 VARIABLES (like as “income, cost and investmnets in port-city”) can be introduced as a driver factor, 5 VARIABLES (like as “advanced multimodal transportation in the port”) can be introduced as a linkage factor, 6 VARIABLES (like as “quality of living environment and desirable city”) can be introduced as a dependent factor, 3 VARIABLES (like as “environmental protection and sustainable development of the city-port”) can be introduced as an autonomous factor. The rapid development of Dubai can be explained by the purposeful distribution of revenues from trade and tourismExtended AbstractIntroductionDuring the last century, ports of Persian Gulf become the most important storage, refining and transportation of crude oil, oil derivation, petrochemical products and also, business activities. The global increase in oil demand since the 1950s led to the creation of discovery of new oil wells and large industrial areas. With the construction of new oil or gas facilities in the port areas, increasing oil revenues contributed to the countries of the Persian Gulf region and form a new geographical relationship between ports and coastal cities which had an impact on the spatial structure and relation of them. Nowadays, due to functional diversity between ports, the impact of port activities on the development of urban spaces will be different, and this issue leads to structural differences of port cities. In the 1950s, Containerization (container loading technology) was based in some of the world's ports and created a huge transformation in the shipping industry, which had a significant impact on the development of ports. Although the ports of the Persian Gulf have made a significant contribution to the economic growth and physical development of other ports in the world, but few researches have been done on the VARIABLES and factors affecting the development of the spatial structure of the important ports of the Persian Gulf. This region, due to its unique geographical location, has always been considered as a most important corridor in the field of economic and transportation throughout history. Some of the most important energy and commercial ports in this region are: Dubai, Manama, Kuwait, Dammam, Doha, Bushehr, Bandar-Abbas and Assaluyeh. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to identify the key VARIABLES affecting the relations and spatial structure of port-city in Dubai as the most thriving and successful port-city in the Persian Gulf. MethodologyThis research is based on deductive reasoning and carried out by analysis of cross effects with secondary data (results of other prominent articles) and also primary data (questionnaire). The method used in this research is quantitative and the sampling method is based on purposive sampling. the VARIABLES affecting the spatial structure of port-city relations were identified in the form of a review of 31 prominent articles. 25 experts (who had comprehensive knowledge and information about the development process of the city-port of Dubai) participated to determine the effectiveness or influence of VARIABLES. Finally, the output of data analysis was done by the Micmac software. Results and discussionOutput of Micmac software shows the position of the VARIABLES in the diagram that it indicates their status in the system and their role in the dynamics and changes of the system. The method of distribution and dispersion of the VARIABLES in the spatial structure of port-city relations indicates the instability of the system. Therefore, based on the output of the system, the position of each VARIABLES in the conceptual model can be identified in five categories (driver, linkage, dependent, autonomous and regulatory VARIABLES). According to the results, some VARIABLES such as “the changes in the strategic positions” and “geopolitics of port-city”, “the modification of the management method” and “regional planning of the ports”, “the promotion of local governance in the relations between port-city” and “the way of national and international management of ports have been introduced as driver VARIABLES. On the other hand, five VARIABLES consist of “advanced multimodal transportation in the port” and “income, cost and investment in the port-city”, “the contrast and physical integration of the port - city space”, “the development of various industrial and production activities in the ports and their local hinterland” and “their qualities Financial and commercial policies of ports” have been introduced as linkage VARIABLES. Findings of research also shows that some VARIABLES consist of “quality of living environment and desirable city”, “quantity and quality of transit corridors (rail, road and air) to hinterland”, “construction and launching the new port (sea port or dry port)”, “terminal facilities and infrastructure and warehousing”, “conflict or convergence between the city and the port” and “increase in population growth rate and migration to the port - city” categorized as dependent VARIABLES. Three VARIABLES including “cultural and historical background of ports”, “use of cheaper energy, Less-polluted, clean and renewable energies in the city-port” and “environmental protection and sustainable development of the city-port” categorized as autonomous VARIABLES. Finally, a variable with the title of “improvement in management and information technology and development in loading, unloading and storage of commodities” have been introduced as regulatory VARIABLES. The findings of this research have a remarkable similarity with other researches carried out in the field of city-port relation and clearly emphasize the direct impact of the "investment in port-city" in the development of them. For example, Grossmann (2008) emphasized that city-port of Hamburg has become one of the largest ports in Northern Europe during the last few decades due to huge domestic and foreign investment. ConclusionThis research carried out in order to introduce and explain the key VARIABLES affecting the development of the spatial structure of the port-city of Dubai. On this basis, 21 VARIABLES have been extracted by systematic reviews of prominent articles. In the following, 25 experts were selected with the purposive sampling method. Among the 21 VARIABLES extracted, 4 VARIABLES (like as “geopolitics of port-city”) introduced as a driver factor, 5 VARIABLES (like as “advanced multimodal transportation in the port”) introduced as a linkage factor, 6 VARIABLES (like as “quality of living environment and desirable city”) introduced as a dependent factor, 3 VARIABLES (like as “environmental protection and sustainable development of the city-port”) introduced as an autonomous factor. The rapid development of Dubai can be explained by the purposeful distribution of revenues from trade and tourism. A part of these revenues has been directed towards investment in important transportation infrastructures such as airports and ports of this city. These strategies have a wide impact on improving the economic growth of the city and the development of the port in order to adapt with the global trade and advanced technologies. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Investors generally make decisions based on risk and stock returns, and their decisions are influenced by two factors, namely macroeconomic VARIABLES and microeconomic VARIABLES. The BEHAVIORAL factors affecting investment decisions are investigated in the area of BEHAVIORAL finance. In other words, BEHAVIORAL finance focuses on specific human behavior attributes and their utilization in asset pricing. BEHAVIORAL asset pricing is the result of applying BEHAVIORAL finance theories within traditional asset pricing theories. Although there are many asset-pricing models, due to their weaknesses and incompleteness as well as the necessity of investigating BEHAVIORAL factors, this study attempted to model asset pricing using BEHAVIORAL models. The population of the study included all listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange over the years 2008 to 2018, and the sample was selected through systematic elimination of the population. Given these conditions, 141 firms were selected as the sample. The hypotheses were then tested by designing multivariate regression models. The results showed that using Fama-Macbeth approach, accounting information risk, investors’ trading behavior, and investors' sentiments had a significant and direct impact on firms’ stock returns. Thus, it is argued that BEHAVIORAL VARIABLES can play a significant role in Modeling Asset Pricing.

Investors generally make decisions based on risk and stock returns, and their decisions are influenced by two factors, namely macroeconomic VARIABLES and microeconomic VARIABLES. The BEHAVIORAL factors affecting investment decisions are investigated in the area of BEHAVIORAL finance. In other words, BEHAVIORAL finance focuses on specific human behavior attributes and their utilization in asset pricing. BEHAVIORAL asset pricing is the result of applying BEHAVIORAL finance theories within traditional asset pricing theories. Although there are many asset-pricing models, due to their weaknesses and incompleteness as well as the necessity of investigating BEHAVIORAL factors, this study attempted to model asset pricing using BEHAVIORAL models. The population of the study included all listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange over the years 2008 to 2018, and the sample was selected through systematic elimination of the population. Given these conditions, 141 firms were selected as the sample. The hypotheses were then tested by designing multivariate regression models. The results showed that using Fama-Macbeth approach, accounting information risk, investors’ trading behavior, and investors' sentiments had a significant and direct impact on firms’ stock returns. Thus, it is argued that BEHAVIORAL VARIABLES can play a significant role in Modeling Asset Pricing.

Aim and Background: The main purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of applied BEHAVIORAL analysis (ABA) approach on symptoms of autistic children during a five-year period.Methods and Materials: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 autistic children (3-7 years of age) were intervened by ABA approach at Isfahan Center of Autism for a period of five years (2007-12). Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS) was filled out at baseline and at the end of the five-year period. Besides, the subjects were assessed by a checklist including cognitive comprehension, mathematical and verbal skills, and self-help at the beginning of the study and at the end of each year. After five years, all collected data was analyzed with SPSS19.Findings: Pretest and the posttest values of stereotypic behaviors, communication problems, social interactions, and GARS total scores were significantly different (P<0.001). Furthermore, significant improvements in cognitive comprehension, mathematical and verbal skills, and self-help were observed after each year and at the end of the five-year period (P<0.001).Conclusions: On the whole, it can be concluded that ABA-based interventions can effectively reduce symptoms of autism and increase skills.

Nowadays most organizations seek to promote their employees' efficiency and achieve the best pattern to set their high organizational goals. In this paper it has been tried to recognize FATEB human resources pathology indicators and standards, categorizing them in three groups of structural, BEHAVIORAL, and domain losses in order to analyzing their impacts on organization's performance.The descriptive was applied to identify elements influencing human resources pathology. Statistical population was all employees of FATEB that 150 person were randomly selected to perform prepared test. The results reveal that the vulnerability includes structural elements (interview & employment, assignment, promotion, performance assessment) and BEHAVIORAL elements (motivation, job satisfaction, organizational culture and job security) and lowest losses are pertaining to domain category.

Objectives: The most distinctive group of people with sensory disabilities is those with visual impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between BEHAVIORAL problems and demographic VARIABLES in students with visual impairment in the academic year of 2018-2019 in Tehran City, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted on students with visual impairment studying in four schools of exceptional children at the elementary and high school levels. The research population was 400, and the sample size was estimated at 200 using Cochran’ s formula. The sampling was carried out using the random cluster sampling method, where the floors of the school were considered and visually-impaired students were selected randomly from each school based on the number of students. Demographic characteristics questionnaire and Rutter behavior evaluation questionnaire (teacher form) were used to collect data. Results: The Mean± SD BEHAVIORAL problems score was 12. 9± 10. 7. According to the results, there was a negative and significant correlation between the subscales of BEHAVIORAL problems with age and duration of the impairment. A significant difference was found in the mean of BEHAVIORAL problems of visually-impaired or blind children caused by accident with those with congenital and hereditary problems. The regression model showed a significant difference between male and female subjects in terms of BEHAVIORAL problems in a short duration after the injury (≤ 5 years). Discussion: Given the relationship between BEHAVIORAL problems with gender and duration of injury, it is recommended that interventions be carried out during the first few years of injury, especially for female individuals, to prevent or reduce the severity of BEHAVIORAL problems.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to present a model of predicting ethical leadership based on normative and individual VARIABLES. Method: The research method was applied in terms of purpose,It is exploratory in terms of mixed data type and descriptive-correlation in data collection time. The qualitative part of the study's statistical population consisted of academic experts and senior managers of Islamic Azad University who were selected by purposeful sampling and the saturation principle of 20 individuals as sample size. The second group consisted of all full-time faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Tehran province. Five hundred seventy-six individuals were selected by a random cluster sampling method. In this study, data collection was done by library method, semi-structured interview, and researcher-made questionnaire, which confirmed the validity of the interview. In this study, qualitative and quantitative parts were used for data analysis. Result: The findings showed that the components of value, job satisfaction, motivation, personality, creativity, individual components and organizational communication, organizational culture, organizational structure, decision-making styles, roles and expectations, goals, and strategies, As normative components. Conclusion: A model was developed that also addressed the components, mechanisms, contexts, and barriers of ethical leadership.

In this article, the fundamental signal analysis to evaluate the relative dominance of the winner-losser stocks based on investor’s preferences has been investigated. Therefore, based on factors related to the profitability, growth and variability the signals of information content of seven financial ratios are identified and based on winner-loser stock related to investr’s preferences identified. In this study, all the financial data of listed companies in TSE for the period 1380 to 1390 are used. The results indicated that the higher current and future return of winner stock related to losser stock one Period after portfolio formation. Also the further results indicate the second and third order of stochastic dominance of winner stocks relate to losser stocks and second and third order of stochastic dominance of losser stocks relate to winner stocks in the negative market conditions.